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The following is a list of the various types of equipment used in our hazard analysis projects:
Thermal/Chemical Kinetics Analysis, Chemical Stability and Compatibilities
Dust Explosibility (Hartmann Chamber, 20-Liter and 7.8-Liter Chambers)
Electrostatics (ES charge generation, discharge, decay time, resistivity)
Mechanical (drop impact, friction, adiabatic compression, etc.)
Sieve Analysis (particle size, cryogenic sieve)
Special Instrumentation (laser, optic, remote control, GC and many others)
Material Safety Characterization [flammability, combustibility, thermal stability (MSDS etc.)]
Chemical Evaluation and Safety (spectrophotometers, gas chromatographs, calorimeters)
Burning Rate (gas, liquid, solid, hybrid mixture, energetic material)
Recording Instrumentation (low, high, ultra-high speed)
THERMAL/CHEMICAL KINETICS ANALYSIS, CHEMICAL STABILITY AND COMPATIBILITIES
- TA Instruments/Perkin-Elmer Differential Scanning Calorimeter - Thermal Gravimetric System
- ASTM Arrhenius Kinetics Test Method
- Vacuum Oven
- Christian-Becker Microbalance
- Cahn Microbalance
- 16 Station Alnor Portable Pyrometer to 600 F
DUST EXPLOSIBILITY (20-Liter Chamber/also available in 7.8-Liter and Hartmann Chamber)
- Minimum Concentration Tester
- Maximum Pressure and Pressure Rise Rate Tester
- Minimum Oxygen Content Tester
- Minimum Initiation Energy Tester and Instrumentation
- Explosive Severity High-Speed Pressure and dP/dt Instrumentation
- Thin Layer Initiation Sensitivity Tester
- 7.8-Liter Bureau of Mines Dust Chamber and 1.2 Liter Hartmann Chamber
- Cookoff Tester
Figure 1
- 20-Liter Bureau of Mines Dust Chamber (Figure 1)
- Dust Probe Apparatus for Dust Cloud Formation Testing
- Metal Sparking Dust Cloud Ignition Tester (20-Liter)
- Hybrid Dust Explosion Tester (20-Liter)
ELECTROSTATICS
- Keithley Model 610 and 614 Electrometer and High-Voltage Probe
- Electrostatic Field Meter
- Electrostatic Surface and Volumetric Resistivity Measuring Device
- Dielectric Constant Measuring Device
- Electrostatic Charging Measurement Apparatus
- H/P, Universal Bridge Model 4260A
Figure 2
- SAFETY CONSULTING ENGINEERS, INC. Electrostatic Discharge Tester (Figure 2)
- Output 0 to 30 kVDC
- Energy from 0.025 milliJoules to 20 Joules
- Variable Circuit Impedance
- Instrumented Output
- Pneumatic Conveying System Test Apparatus (1500 CFM and Air Velocities to 6000 FPM in diameters to 6" Pipe).
- Electrostatic Voltmeters Measures up to 50 KVdc
- High-Po,t High-Voltage Power Supply Tester 0 to 50 KVdc Output
- Hartmann Dust Explosion Tester
- Capacitance, Insulation Resistance and Power Loss Measuring Instrument - Sprague Model T0-6
- Corona Discharge Sensitivity Tester
- 1-liter and 5-liter Explosion Chamber (high pressure/temperature) for MIE, Kg determination
MECHA
MECHANICAL
Figure 3a and 3b
- Bureau of Mines 5 kg and 2 kg Impact Test Apparatus (Figure 3a and 3b)
- Metal Sparking Ignition Apparatus (U.S. Navy)
Figure 4
- Bureau of Explosives 8 lb. (3.63 kg) Impact Test Apparatus (Figure 4)
- Friction Tester (sliding strip, rotational)
- Adiabatic Compression Tester
- Grain Mills, grinder
SIEVE ANALYSIS
- U.S. Standard Sieves from 4 Mesh to 400 Mesh
- Tyler Sieve Shaker
- Rotap Sieve Shaker (Rx-22)
SPECIAL INSTRUMENTATION
- Continuous Velocity Rate Probe (Bureau of Mines Design for Monitoring Reaction Rates up to Detonation Levels)
- Detonation Pressure Gauges (TNT equivalency, open field explosion pressure)
- 3 Tektronics 535B Oscilloscopes (15 MHz) Dual Trace, Dual Triggered and Preamp
- ASTM Heavy Confinement Tester to Evaluate Chemical Hazards.
- Powder High-Velocity Impingement Tester
- Liquid and Slurry Adiabatic Compression Ignition Tester
- Pressure (Piezoelectric) Transducers and Associated Equipment to Measure Pressure Transients and Dynamics up to 80,000 psi
- Blast Pressure Gauges
- Seismic and Underwater Energy Testers
- Infrared Photodetector System to Measure High-Velocity Flame Propagation
- Unitron Polarizing Microscope 400 Power
- Beckman Model 930-Air Comparison Pycnometer
MATERIAL SAFETY CHARACTERIZATION
- Equipment and Apparatuses for Obtaining the Following Measurements:
- Evaporation Rate
- Vapor Pressure and Density
- Boiling, Melting Point Temperature
- Specific Gravity
- Flash Point Temperature
- Fire Point Temperature
- Concentration of Limits of Flammability, ASTM E 681
- ASTM Flash Point Tester, D96, D93, etc.
- Henkin Woods Metal Bath Time-to-Explosion Tester
- ASTM Autoignition Tester, ASTM E 559
Figure 5
- ASTM Limits of Flammability Tester for Chemicals - three (1, 5, 12 liter) chambers (Figure 5)
- Self-Accelerating Decomposition Tester
- Navy Tool Sparking Tester to Determine Thresholds to Ignite Vapor and Dust-Air Mixtures
- UN Bonfire Test
- Pneumatic and Hydraulic Loading Presses
CHEMICAL EVALUATION AND SAFETY
- Lab Autoclave to Evaluate Chemical Reactions up to 5,000 psi at 650 F
- 2,000 F Furnace
- Spectrophotometers
- Polarizing Microscope
- Calormetric System
- Thin Layer Gas Liquid Chromatography using Hewlett-Packard Series 5710A Gas Chromatographs
- High Pressure, High Temperature Reactor (5000 psi, 500ºC)
- Taliani Vacuum Thermal Stability Testers
- Westerberg Explosion Test Vessel
- ASTM Spontaneous Tendency Heating Test
- High Pressure Limits of Flammability Tester
- Simulated Oven Heating Testers
- Flash Dryers
- Convection
- Fluid Bed
- Direct Contact Vibratory Bed
BURNING RATE
- LJ68 Autoclave Used as a Burn Chamber for Strand Burn Tests Conducted at 8500 psi or less
- SAFETY CONSULTING ENGINEERS, INC. Designed Burn Chamber for Strand Burn Tests Conducted at Ambient Pressure to 15,000 psi
RECORDING INSTRUMENTATION
- High-Speed Hy Cam 16 mm Motion Picture Camera 50 44,000 PPS
- Color Videotape Camera and Recorder
- Black and White Closed Circuit Television and Monitor
- Kip and Zone M Dust Chart Recorder
- Omega Hush Speed Recorder
- Tektronix Oscilloscopes
Please contact us at 847-925-8100 or by e-mail (sceinc@sceinc.com) if additional information is needed. There are many other instruments available at SCE which have been used in various industrial hazard testing and analysis.
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